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Rewrite btrfs-backup script
This commit is contained in:
parent
f77786d892
commit
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GPG key ID:
FA2745890B7048C0
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@ -17,17 +17,7 @@ START_HOURS_RANGE=3-22
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@daily 15 pacman_file_db /usr/bin/pacman -Fy
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@daily 10 snapshot.daily.@ /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/daily --total 8
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@daily 10 snapshot.daily.@home /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/daily --total 8
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@daily 10 snapshot.daily.@data /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/daily --total 8
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@daily 10 snapshot.daily.@log /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/daily --total 8
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@weekly 20 snapshot.weekly.@ /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/weekly --total 5
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@weekly 20 snapshot.weekly.@home /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/weekly --total 5
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@weekly 20 snapshot.weekly.@data /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/weekly --total 5
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@weekly 20 snapshot.weekly.@log /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/weekly --total 5
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@monthly 30 snapshot.monthly.@ /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/monthly --total 3
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@monthly 30 snapshot.monthly.@home /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/monthly --total 3
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@monthly 30 snapshot.monthly.@data /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/monthly --total 3
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@monthly 30 snapshot.monthly.@log /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/monthly --total 3
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@daily 10 snapshot.daily /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup -l daily -k 8 -- /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@log
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@weekly 20 snapshot.weekly /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup -l weekly -k 5 -- /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@log
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@monthly 30 snapshot.monthly /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup -l monthly -k 3 -- /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@log
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@ -5,12 +5,5 @@
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# m h dom mon dow user command
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*/30 * * * * root /usr/bin/updatedb
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15,30,45 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/quaterly --total 4
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15,30,45 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/quaterly --total 4
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15,30,45 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/quaterly --total 4
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15,30,45 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/quaterly --total 4
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0 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/hourly --total 8
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0 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/hourly --total 8
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0 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/hourly --total 8
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0 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/hourly --total 8
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15,30,45 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup -l quaterly -k 4 -- /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@log
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0 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup -l hourly -k 8 -- /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@log
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@ -1,110 +1,382 @@
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#!/bin/bash
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##
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# btrfs-backup for Linux
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# Automatically create, rotate, and destroy periodic BTRFS snapshots.
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#
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# Copyright 2024 ItsDrike <itsdrike@protonmail.com>
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#
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# This script was inspired by btrfs-auto-snapshot:
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# <https://github.com/hunleyd/btrfs-auto-snapshot/blob/master/btrfs-auto-snapshot>
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# Copyright 2014-2022 Doug Hunley <doug.hunley@gmail.com>
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#
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# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
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# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
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# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
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# version.
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#
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# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
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# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
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# details.
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#
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# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
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# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
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# Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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set -euo pipefail
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VERSION="0.1.0"
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DEFAULT_SNAPS_DIR="/.btrfs/@snapshots"
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DEFAULT_PREFIX="backup"
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DEFAULT_LABEL="adhoc"
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ERR_CODE_MISSING_SYS_REQS=2
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ERR_CODE_NOT_ROOT=3
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ERR_CODE_GETOPT_FAILED=128
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ERR_CODE_INVALID_ARG=129
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ERR_CODE_INTERNAL_ERR=140
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trap argsp_cmdline_exit_handler SIGUSR1
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argsp_cmdline_exit=0
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help=''
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keep=''
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label=''
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prefix=''
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dry_run=''
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writable=''
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writable=''
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snapshot_directory=''
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skip_create=''
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paths=''
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##
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# Check for available necessary system requirements
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#
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check_sys_reqs() {
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# Running as root
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if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "The script must be ran as root" >&2
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exit $ERR_CODE_NOT_ROOT
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fi
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# Bash support for associative arrays
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unset assoc
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# shellcheck disable=SC2034
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if ! declare -A assoc 2>/dev/null; then
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echo "Associative arrays not supported! At least BASH 4 is needed." >&2
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exit $ERR_CODE_MISSING_SYS_REQS
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fi
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# TODO: Check for btrfs-tools
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}
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usage() {
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cat <<EOF
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Create a btrfs snapshot
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Usage btrfs-backup <subvolume> <backup_dir> [options]
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Will create a snapshot of given subvolume in given backup_dir.
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echo "$0 $VERSION"
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echo
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echo "Usage: $0 [options] <subvolume> [subvolume...]
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Options:
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-h | --help: Display this message
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-t | --total: Total amount of allowed backups in the same backup_dir
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-n | --name: Name of the snapshot (appended after date)
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-h, --help Print this usage message.
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-k, --keep=NUM Keep up to NUM most recent snapshots with this label, deleting all older ones (no snapshots will be deleted by default)
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-l, --label=LAB LAB is usually 'hourly', 'daily', or 'monthly', default: '$DEFAULT_LABEL'
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-p, --prefix=PRE PRE is '$DEFAULT_PREFIX' by default
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-n, --dry-run Print actions without actually executing them
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-w, --writable Create writable snapshots, instead of read-only
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-d, --snapshot-directory=DIR DIR is a directory to create snapshots in, default: $DEFAULT_SNAPS_DIR
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-s, --skip-create Don't create a new snapshot (only useful with --keep to clean existing snapshots)
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Example for crontab (/etc/crontab):
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15,30,45 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/quaterly --total 4
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15,30,45 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/quaterly --total 4
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15,30,45 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/quaterly --total 4
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15,30,45 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/quaterly --total 4
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Positional arguments:
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subvolume Path(s) to a mounted subvolume directory (like: '/.btrfs/@')
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0 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/hourly --total 8
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0 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/hourly --total 8
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0 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/hourly --total 8
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0 * * * * root /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/hourly --total 8
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Example for Anacrontab (/etc/anacrontab):
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@daily 10 snapshot.daily.@ /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/daily --total 8
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@daily 10 snapshot.daily.@home /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/daily --total 8
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@daily 10 snapshot.daily.@data /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/daily --total 8
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@daily 10 snapshot.daily.@log /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/daily --total 8
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@weekly 20 snapshot.weekly.@ /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/weekly --total 5
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@weekly 20 snapshot.weekly.@home /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/weekly --total 5
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@weekly 20 snapshot.weekly.@data /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/weekly --total 5
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@weekly 20 snapshot.weekly.@log /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/weekly --total 5
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@monthly 30 snapshot.monthly.@ /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@ /.btrfs/@snapshots/@/monthly --total 3
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@monthly 30 snapshot.monthly.@home /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@home /.btrfs/@snapshots/@home/monthly --total 3
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@monthly 30 snapshot.monthly.@data /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@data /.btrfs/@snapshots/@data/monthly --total 3
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@monthly 30 snapshot.monthly.@log /usr/local/bin/btrfs-backup /.btrfs/@log /.btrfs/@snapshots/@log/monthly --total 3
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EOF
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Details:
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A backup snapshot of each specified subvolume will be created in: <DIR>/<subvolume name>/<PRE>_<LAB>_<datetime>.
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The <subvolume name> will be obtained automatically, from the given subvolume paths.
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The <datetime> will contain the output from 'date +%F-%H%M' command.
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"
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}
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backup() {
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local now="$(date '+%Y_%M_%dT%H_%M_%S')"
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local name="$now"
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if [[ "$SNAPSHOT_NAME" ]]; then
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name="$name-$SNAPSHOT_NAME"
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fi
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btrfs subvolume snapshot -r "$SUBVOLUME" "$BACKUP_DIR/$name"
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##
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# Parse and set command line arguments, possible aborting in case of errors or missing
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# required arguments.
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#
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# @param[in] Callers need to forward (@code $@)!
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# return Associative array with all options and passed paths
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#
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argsp_cmdline() {
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argsp_cmdline_exit="$ERR_CODE_GETOPT_FAILED"
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getopt=$(getopt \
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--longoptions=help,keep:,label:,prefix:,dry-run,writable,date-format:,snapshot-directory:,skip-create \
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--options=h,k:,l:,p:,n,w,f:,d:,s \
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-- "$@") ||
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kill -SIGUSR1 $$
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eval set -- "${getopt}"
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# Clean up older snapshots
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if [[ "$TOTAL_BACKUPS" -ne 0 ]]; then
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for i in $(find "$BACKUP_DIR" -maxdepth 1 | sort | head -n -"${TOTAL_BACKUPS}"); do
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btrfs subvolume delete "$i"
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done
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fi
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}
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declare -A ret_val
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# Extract the last two arguments
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SUBVOLUME="$1"
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BACKUP_DIR="$2"
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shift
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shift
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ret_val[help]='0'
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ret_val[keep]=''
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ret_val[label]="$DEFAULT_LABEL"
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ret_val[prefix]="$DEFAULT_PREFIX"
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ret_val[dry_run]=''
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ret_val[writable]='-r'
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ret_val[snapshot_directory]="$DEFAULT_SNAPS_DIR"
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ret_val[skip_create]='0'
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ret_val[paths]=''
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if [[ -z "$SUBVOLUME" || -z "$BACKUP_DIR" ]]; then
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echo "Error: Both subvolume and backup_dir must be provided."
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usage
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exit 1
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fi
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if [[ ! -d "$SUBVOLUME" ]]; then
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echo "Error: Specified subvolume path isn't a valid directory."
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exit 1
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fi
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if [[ ! -d "$BACKUP_DIR" ]]; then
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echo "Error: Specified backup directory path isn't a valid directory."
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exit 1
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fi
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TOTAL_BACKUPS=0
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SNAPSHOT_NAME=""
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while [[ "$1" ]]; do
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while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
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case "$1" in
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-h | --help)
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usage
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exit 0
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ret_val[help]=1
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shift 1
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;;
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-t | --total)
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shift
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TOTAL_BACKUPS="$1"
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shift
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-k | --keep)
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if ! test "$2" -ge 0 2>/dev/null; then
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echo "The $1 parameter must be a non-negative integer, got: $2" >&2
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argsp_cmdline_exit="$ERR_CODE_INVALID_ARG"
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kill -SIGUSR1 $$
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fi
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ret_val[keep]=$2
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shift 2
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;;
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-n | --name)
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shift
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SNAPSHOT_NAME="$1"
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shift
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-l | --label)
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label="$2"
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case $label in
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[![:alnum:]_.:\ -]*)
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echo "The $1 parameter must be alphanumeric." >&2
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argsp_cmdline_exit="$ERR_CODE_INVALID_ARG"
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kill -SIGUSR1 $$
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;;
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*)
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echo "Error: Unknown argument: $1"
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usage
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exit 1
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esac
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ret_val[label]="$label"
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shift 2
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;;
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-p | --prefix)
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prefix="$2"
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case $prefix in
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[![:alnum:]_.:\ -]*)
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echo "The $1 parameter must be alphanumeric." >&2
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argsp_cmdline_exit="$ERR_CODE_INVALID_ARG"
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kill -SIGUSR1 $$
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;;
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esac
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ret_val[prefix]="$prefix"
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shift 2
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;;
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-n | --dry-run)
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ret_val[dry_run]='echo'
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echo "Doing a dry run. Not running these commands..." >&2
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shift 1
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;;
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-w | --writable)
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ret_val[writable]=''
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shift 1
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;;
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-d | --snapshot-directory)
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directory="$2"
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if ! test -d "$directory" 2>/dev/null; then
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echo "Invalid snapshots directory (must be an existing directory)" >&2
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argsp_cmdline_exit="$ERR_CODE_INVALID_ARG"
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kill -SIGUSR1 $$
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fi
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ret_val[snapshot_directory]="$directory"
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shift 2
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;;
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-s | --skip-create)
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ret_val[skip_create]=1
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shift 1
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;;
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--)
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shift 1
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break
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;;
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esac
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done
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backup
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if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
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if [ "${ret_val[help]}" -eq 0 ]; then
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echo "No subvolume path(s) specified." >&2
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echo "See $0 --help." >&2
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argsp_cmdline_exit="$ERR_CODE_INVALID_ARG"
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kill -SIGUSR1 $$
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fi
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fi
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if [ "${ret_val[keep]}" -eq 0 ] && [ "${ret_val[skip_create]}" -eq 0 ]; then
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echo "Using --keep=0 doesn't make sense without --skip-create." >&2
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echo "It would delete the new snapshot you wanted to create." >&2
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argsp_cmdline_exit="$ERR_CODE_INVALID_ARG"
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kill -SIGUSR1 $$
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fi
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ret_val[paths]="$*"
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# Decrease keep by one if set during dry-run, since the snapshots won't
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# actually be created, so there would be 1 extra snapshot in reality.
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if [ -n "${ret_val[dry_run]}" ] && [ -n "${ret_val[keep]}" ] && [ "${ret_val[skip_create]}" -eq 0 ]; then
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keep="${ret_val[keep]}"
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ret_val[keep]=$((keep - 1))
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fi
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# Print the declaration of ret_val, removing the declaration part
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declare -p ret_val | sed -e 's/^declare -A [^=]*=//'
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}
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##
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# Exit with the code stored in {@code argsp_cmdline_exit}.
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#
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# The corresponding parser function needs to be called as a subshell to be able to process
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# the returned list of paths to work with. So exit within that function doesn't work
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# easily, which is worked around by using a special global variable and {@code kill} with
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# {@code trap}.
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#
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argsp_cmdline_exit_handler() {
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exit "$argsp_cmdline_exit"
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}
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##
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# Get the name of the subvolume from a file-system path
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#
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# @param[in] Subvolume path on the file-system
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#
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btrfs_subvol_name() {
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local -r subvolume_path="$1"
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local subvol_status
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local subvol_status_code
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local subvol_name
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subvol_status="$(btrfs subvolume show "$subvolume_path")"
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subvol_status_code="$?"
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if [ "$subvol_status_code" -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Btrfs subvolume show command exitted with non-zero code: $subvol_status_code." >&2
|
||||
echo "Captured output:" >&2
|
||||
echo "$subvol_status" >&2
|
||||
echo "-----------------------" >&2
|
||||
echo "This is likely due to an invalid subvolume path: $subvolume_path" >&2
|
||||
argsp_cmdline_exit="$ERR_CODE_INTERNAL_ERR"
|
||||
kill -SIGUSR1 $$
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
echo "$subvol_status" | awk '/^[[:space:]]Name:/ {print $NF}'
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
##
|
||||
# Create a snapshot of given subvolume.
|
||||
#
|
||||
# This will create a new BTRFS snapshot stored in {@code snapshot_directory/subvol_name}.
|
||||
# The subvolume name will be obtained using {@code btrfs subvol status}, exitting if the
|
||||
# command fails (most likely since subvolume at the given path doesn't exist).
|
||||
#
|
||||
# @param[in] Subvolume path on the file-system
|
||||
# @params[in] Snapshot file name to be created (<PRE>_<LAB>_<DATE>)
|
||||
#
|
||||
btrfs_take_snapshot() {
|
||||
local -r subvolume_path="$1"
|
||||
local -r snap_file_name="$2"
|
||||
|
||||
local subvol_name
|
||||
local full_dir
|
||||
local snap_path
|
||||
local -a snap_opts=()
|
||||
|
||||
subvol_name="$(btrfs_subvol_name "$subvolume_path")"
|
||||
|
||||
# Make sure the snapshot directory exists
|
||||
full_dir="$snapshot_directory/$subvol_name"
|
||||
if [ ! -d "$full_dir" ]; then
|
||||
${dry_run} mkdir -p "$full_dir"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
snap_path="$full_dir/$snap_file_name"
|
||||
snap_opts=("$writable" "$subvolume_path" "$snap_path")
|
||||
|
||||
if ! ${dry_run} btrfs subvolume snapshot "${snap_opts[@]}"; then
|
||||
echo "Btrfs subvolume snapshot command failed!" >&2
|
||||
argsp_cmdline_exit="$ERR_CODE_INTERNAL_ERR"
|
||||
kill -SIGUSR1 $$
|
||||
fi
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
##
|
||||
# Cleanup old snapshots, only keeping up to {@code keep} total snapshots.
|
||||
#
|
||||
# If {@code keep} isn't specified, no snapshots will be removed.
|
||||
#
|
||||
# @param[in] Subvolume path on the file-system
|
||||
# @param[in] Pattern to find the snapshot names for the current prefix and label.
|
||||
#
|
||||
btrfs_clean_snapshots() {
|
||||
local -r subvolume_path="$1"
|
||||
local -r snap_patt="$2"
|
||||
|
||||
if [ -z "$keep" ]; then
|
||||
return
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
local subvol_name
|
||||
local full_dir
|
||||
local full_dir_escaped
|
||||
local snaps
|
||||
local paths
|
||||
|
||||
subvol_name="$(btrfs_subvol_name "$subvolume_path")"
|
||||
full_dir="$snapshot_directory/$subvol_name"
|
||||
full_dir_escaped=$(echo "${full_dir}" | sed 's/[\#]/\\&/g')
|
||||
|
||||
if [ ! -d "$full_dir" ] && [ -n "$dry_run" ]; then
|
||||
echo "Ignoring cleanup in dry-run, $full_dir doesn't exist" >&2
|
||||
return
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
snaps="$(find "$full_dir" -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d | sort)"
|
||||
snaps="$(echo "${snaps}" | sed -r "\#${full_dir_escaped}/${snap_patt}#!d")"
|
||||
snaps="$(echo "$snaps" | head -n "-$keep")"
|
||||
|
||||
while IFS= read -r i; do
|
||||
if [ -z "$i" ]; then
|
||||
continue
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
${dry_run} btrfs subvolume delete "$i"
|
||||
done <<<"$snaps"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
check_sys_reqs
|
||||
|
||||
cmdline="$(argsp_cmdline "$@")"
|
||||
eval "declare -A cmdline=${cmdline}"
|
||||
|
||||
help="${cmdline[help]}"
|
||||
keep="${cmdline[keep]}"
|
||||
label="${cmdline[label]}"
|
||||
prefix="${cmdline[prefix]}"
|
||||
dry_run="${cmdline[dry_run]}"
|
||||
writable="${cmdline[writable]}"
|
||||
writable="${cmdline[writable]}"
|
||||
snapshot_directory="${cmdline[snapshot_directory]}"
|
||||
skip_create="${cmdline[skip_create]}"
|
||||
paths="${cmdline[paths]}"
|
||||
|
||||
if [ "$help" -eq 1 ]; then
|
||||
usage
|
||||
exit 0
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
snap_name="${prefix}_${label}_$(date +%F-%H%M)"
|
||||
|
||||
# Used for sorting the snapshots later on
|
||||
date_patt='[[:digit:]]{4}-[[:digit:]]{2}-[[:digit:]]{2}-[[:digit:]]{4}'
|
||||
snap_patt="${prefix}_${label}_${date_patt}"
|
||||
|
||||
for i in $paths; do
|
||||
if [ "$skip_create" -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
btrfs_take_snapshot "$i" "$snap_name"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
btrfs_clean_snapshots "$i" "$snap_patt"
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue